Exploring Culturally-Based Approaches in Mental Health Counseling: A Systematic Literature Review

Abstract

This study aims to identify culturally-based approaches in mental health counseling through a systematic literature review. Following PRISMA guidelines, this review evaluates 20 empirical studies integrating cultural values into counseling practices, utilizing data from qualitative, quantitative, and mixed-method approaches. The reviewed articles focus on diverse cultural populations, with interventions including narrative therapy, community-based approaches, and spirituality integration. Findings reveal that culturally responsive counseling effectively enhances client engagement, satisfaction, and therapeutic outcomes, especially among marginalized groups. Thematic analysis shows that interventions tailored to clients’ cultural backgrounds can reduce stigma, strengthen psychological resilience, and empower clients through the acknowledgment of their cultural identity. However, there are limitations regarding the generalizability of findings, particularly due to specific population focus and counselors’ skills in understanding clients’ cultures. Future research is recommended to broaden the focus on more diverse populations and develop digital-based interventions that incorporate cultural aspects to strengthen accessibility and the depth of therapeutic interactions